Safety assessment has become one of the major interests in most developing countries to reduce road accidents and minimize traffic congestion. This has increased the need for conducting safety testing for autonomous vehicles (AVs) before actual deployment in real-world environments. In Malaysia, a guideline has been established for public road trials of AVs. However, these documents do not focus on a testing framework to evaluate the safety and security of AVs based on Malaysian driving scenarios. Therefore, a safety assessment framework has been developed that consists of five stages to evaluate the overall performance of AVs before deployment in real-world environments.

• Current trend for autonomous vehicle development in Southeast Asia countries
• Challenges for deployment of autonomous vehicle in developing countries
• Safety assessment framework for autonomous vehicles
• Integration of international standards for standard development
• Application of digital twin for safety testing